Overview Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) exists on a spectrum of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP). NVP refers to symptoms of nausea, vomiting or dry retching commencing in the first trimester, with no other cause identified.1 HG refers to severe, persistent vomiting that may result in malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss and debility due to illness. HG […]

Overview Hydatidiform moles are part of a group of diseases falling under gestational trophoblastic disease. A hydatidiform mole refers to the abnormal growth of trophoblastic cells in the placenta, resulting in edematous placental villi that form hydatidiform structures. It is classified as either partial or complete, causing either abnormal foetal development (resulting in foetal demise) […]

Overview Anatomy and Physiology Aetiology and Risk Factors More than half of patients with ectopic pregnancy have no risk factors. Risk Factors High Previous ectopic Previous tubal surgery Tubal pathology In utero DES exposure Current IUD use Moderate Infertility Previous cervicitis History of PID Multiple sexual partners Smoking Low Previous pelvic/abdominal surgery Vaginal douching Early […]