Visual explanationFree resource
Visual medical education by Armando Hasudungan
Medical science, drawn into focus.
Explore visual explanations that reveal how the facts, processes and clinical patterns fit together—then discover the coming AH study platform, built to guide what you study next and check what stuck.
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Clear visual explanations used by medical and allied-health learners around the world.
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Valvular Heart Disease
Overview Valvular disease can come to clinical attention due to stenosis, insufficiency (regurgitation/incompetence) or both. Stenosis is the failure of a valve to open completely, which impedes forward flow. Insufficiency results from failure of a valve to close completely, thereby allows reversed flow. Doppler echocardiogram is the best technique for assessing patients with valvular heart disease, but…
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Supraventricular Tachycardia
Overview The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), whilst often used synonymously with AV nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), can be used to refer to any tachydysrhythmia arising from above the level of the Bundle of His. Different types of SVT arise from or are propagated by the atria or AV node, typically producing a narrow-complex tachycardia (unless aberrant conduction is present). Classification…
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AC Joint Separation
Overview Acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation is a common shoulder injury, usually sustained from direct trauma such as a fall onto the tip of the shoulder. It involves varying degrees of injury to the stabilising structures of the AC joint — primarily the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. Clinical presentation ranges from localised tenderness and mild pain…
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Urinary Tract Infection
Overview Infection of the urinary tract is common and more so in women (due to shorter urethra and hormonal changes). UTIs may be classified as either a lower (Cystitis, urethritis and Prostatitis) or upper UTI (pyelonephritis). The main causative agents are bacteria such as E-coli. A lower UTI can progress to an upper UTI causing systemic symptoms…
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Paediatric Orthopaedics Overview
Osteochondroses Osteochondroses is a condition that affects the epiphysis of bones. Pathology consists of localised area of ischaemic bone necrosis and oedema of adjacent soft tissue. Osteochondroses result in avascular necrosis of the epiphyseal bone, similar to Perthes disease, but less common. In general osteochondroses is more troublesome than serious. Age effects usually 10-15 +/-…
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Caplan Syndrome
Overview Caplan syndrome, also known as rheumatoid pneumoconiosis, is a rare condition seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have had occupational exposure to inhaled dust, particularly coal dust or silica. It is characterised by multiple, rounded pulmonary nodules and underlying pneumoconiosis. It primarily affects middle-aged male coal workers and is now rare in…
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Scaphoid Fracture
Overview Scaphoid fracture is the most common carpal bone fracture , accounting for ~60–70% of all carpal fractures. It occurs most frequently in young adults (15–40 years) following a fall on the outstretched hand (FOOSH). The scaphoid’s tenuous blood supply predisposes to non-union and avascular necrosis, especially in proximal fractures. Early recognition is essential as…
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Epigenetics – An Introduction
This sketch video about epigenetics was created by Armando Hasudungan, in collaboration with Professor Susan Clark and Dr Kate Patterson at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research. It has been created for a broad, non-expert audience to highlight key messages about the role epigenetics plays in biological processes like development and diseases such as cancer.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis – pathophysiology and management
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s) explained: learn causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. ANCA-associated vasculitis targets small blood vessels and is driven by P-ANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase) or C-ANCA (anti-proteinase 3) antibodies; granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is the most common form and often ANCA-positive against proteinase 3. This video breaks down the hallmark Wegener’s triad—upper respiratory,…
Cholinergic and Anticholinergic Toxicity (Toxidrome)
Learn to recognize the key signs and symptoms of cholinergic and anticholinergic toxicity, including their opposing toxidromes and physiological effects. This video explains the underlying mechanisms, common causes, and emergency treatment strategies for both toxic syndromes.
Our mission
Medical science is complex. Understanding it should feel possible.
Armando Hasudungan turns difficult medical science into clear visual explanations and connected learning experiences—so learners can see the whole picture, remember what matters and find a clearer way forward.
See it clearly
Turn abstract processes and invisible relationships into something the learner can picture.
Connect the pieces
Build understanding around how concepts fit together—not a pile of isolated facts.
Make it useful
Help learners move from explanation to recall, revision and the next logical step.
What clarity feels like
When the topic stops being a blur.
Learners do not come back because the subject became easy. They come back because the explanation gave them a picture they could work with.
“Armando's teaching style gives me the foundational knowledge.
Jessica Payne-Burnett
Medical Student, Charles Sturt University
“The notes I make during his videos help me retain everything better.
Ayesha RaiStudent, Islamabad Medical and Dental College
“The drawings are amazing and super easy to remember.
Reem Mohamed Khair Abdalrazig
Student, Neelain University
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Biliary Atresia
Overview Biliary atresia is a progressive fibro-inflammatory disorder of infancy in which the extrahepatic bile ducts—and variably the intrahepatic ducts—become obliterated. This prevents bile from draining from the liver, producing conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, progressive hepatic fibrosis and, without treatment, cirrhosis and liver failure. Affected infants often appear well during the first weeks of life. Persistent jaundice…
View this topic ↗About Visualising Medicine
Good education does not remove complexity. It makes complexity feel simple.
Visualising Medicine is the team behind Armando Hasudungan. We bring together medicine, illustration, writing and technology to make difficult ideas clearer—and build better ways for learners to use them.