System: Endocrine System

Frozen shoulder, medically known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterised by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. It typically develops gradually and can significantly…

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the wrist’s carpal tunnel. It often results in symptoms like numbness,…

Explore the differences between Type I and Type II diabetes, including their causes, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation. This video also covers long-term complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease,…

Polyneuropathy is a disorder that involves damage to multiple peripheral nerve fibers, with the distal nerves usually affected most prominently. And so the classic presentation is a symmetric distal burning…

Unintentional Weight loss is defined by a 5% reduction of usual body weight over 6-12 months. It is associated with increase mortality rates. The most common cause of unintentional weight…

Explore hyperparathyroidism, a condition marked by excessive parathyroid hormone production affecting calcium and phosphate balance. This video explains the different types—primary, secondary, and tertiary—their causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment…

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia as the name suggests is a cause of hypercalcaemia. It runs in the family and is characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance with high penetrance. Affected people typically…

Hypercalcaemia is elevated calcium levels in serum and is a common manifestation of certain types of cancers and cancer metastasis. Normally, the parathyroid gland secretes PTH in response to low…

Understand the clinical approach to a thyroid nodule, from identifying potential causes to selecting appropriate investigations. This video outlines key diagnostic tools such as ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration, along with…

Understand the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT) axis and how it regulates thyroid hormone production through TRH and TSH signaling. This video explains the feedback loop involving T3 and T4, highlighting the physiological…