Vascular endothelium

Vascular endothelium refers to the thin layer of cells lining the blood vessels, playing a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis, regulating blood flow, and facilitating the exchange of substances between the bloodstream and surrounding tissues. Its dysfunction is significant in clinical practice as it contributes to various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, where impaired endothelial function leads to plaque formation and increased risk of heart attack or stroke.