Beta cell atrophy

Beta cell atrophy refers to the reduction in size and number of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, often resulting from chronic hyperglycaemia or autoimmune destruction, as seen in type 1 diabetes. This condition is clinically significant as it leads to impaired insulin secretion, exacerbating hyperglycaemia and increasing the risk of diabetes-related complications. A key association is its progression in type 2 diabetes, where prolonged insulin resistance contributes to beta cell dysfunction and loss.