HLA-DQB1 is a gene that encodes a part of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecule, which plays a crucial role in the immune system by presenting peptides to CD4+ T cells. Its clinical significance lies in its association with autoimmune diseases, particularly type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease, where specific alleles increase susceptibility. Understanding HLA-DQB1 variants aids in risk assessment and personalised treatment strategies for these conditions.
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