Nail clubbing

Nail clubbing is a deformity characterized by the enlargement and rounding of the distal phalanges, resulting in a convex nail appearance. It is clinically significant as it often indicates underlying systemic conditions, particularly respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, such as lung cancer or congenital heart defects. One key association is with cystic fibrosis, where clubbing can reflect chronic hypoxia and pulmonary complications.