Xanthoma is a localized deposit of lipid-laden macrophages in the skin or tendons, appearing as yellowish, often nodular lesions. It is clinically significant as a visible marker of underlying lipid metabolism disorders, such as familial hypercholesterolaemia, which increase cardiovascular risk. Recognising xanthomas can prompt early investigation and management of dyslipidaemia to prevent complications like premature atherosclerosis.