Learn the clinical anatomy of the oesophagus, covering its structure, layers, constrictions, and key anatomical relations. This video also highlights its relevance in conditions like dysphagia, reflux,…

Explore the link between declining CD4+ cell counts and the development of opportunistic infections and AIDS-defining illnesses in HIV-positive individuals. This video outlines common infections and…

There are medications available to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Medications to prevent osteoporosis are only for those at high risk of osteoporosis, this includes those taking high dose of steroids for a…

Explore the clinical anatomy of the knee joint, covering bones, ligaments, menisci, and key structures involved in movement and stability. This video also highlights common knee injuries and their anatomical…

Discover the molecular effects of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, on gut health, inflammation, and gene expression. This video explains how butyrate influences epigenetic regulation, immune modulation,…

Understand the crucial concepts of ventilation and perfusion in respiratory physiology, focusing on the V:Q ratio and its role in efficient gas exchange. This video covers how mismatches affect oxygen delivery…

Learn about urinary and kidney stones, including their signs and symptoms, risk factors, and underlying pathophysiology. This video also covers diagnostic approaches and treatment options, from pain management…

Learn how the adaptive immune system provides specific and long-lasting defense through the actions of B cells and T cells. This video explains antigen recognition, clonal expansion, memory formation, and…

Explore the key functions of the liver, including metabolism, detoxification, bile production, and nutrient storage. This video provides a clear overview of liver physiology and its essential role in…

Learn about acute tonsillitis, an inflammation of the tonsils often caused by viral or bacterial infections like Streptococcus. This video explains the pathophysiology, key symptoms, treatment options,…