Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs with symptoms like fatigue, rash, and joint pain. This video explains its underlying pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and…

Polyarteritis Nodosa and Kawasaki Disease are types of medium vessel vasculitis with distinct clinical presentations and vascular involvement. This video explores their key symptoms, underlying pathophysiology, and differences in disease…

Immune-mediated vasculitis: how inflammation damages arteries, causes palpable purpura, ischemia, stenosis, and aneurysms. Learn the core pathophysiology of vasculitis and the immune mechanisms driving vessel injury, including antigen presentation, molecular…

Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu Arteritis are large vessel vasculitides that primarily affect major arteries, leading to systemic and ischemic symptoms. This video covers their clinical signs, underlying pathophysiology, and…

Explore the classification and underlying mechanisms of haemolytic anaemia, including intravascular and extravascular causes. This video also covers key diagnostic investigations and clinical features to help understand red blood cell…

Learn the basics of thrombocytopaenia, including platelet physiology, classification, and the key mechanisms behind low platelet counts. This video breaks down common causes and how they affect clotting and overall…

Learn how anaemia is classified into microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic types, with clear explanations of underlying mechanisms. This video breaks down the pathophysiology behind each category to help you understand…

Explore how reflexes function through the reflex arc, including key differences between monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes. This video clearly explains the components and pathways involved in rapid, involuntary responses to…

Explore the clinical anatomy of the superior vena cava and azygos system, focusing on their roles in venous return to the heart. This video also explains the causes, signs, and…

Learn the key clinical anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord, including dermatomes, vascular supply, and procedures like lumbar puncture. This video also explains conditions such as shingles and their…