The posterior pituitary gland, or neurohypophysis, is a lobe of the pituitary gland that stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus, primarily oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance, blood pressure, and reproductive functions. Disorders such as diabetes insipidus, characterised by excessive thirst and urination due to insufficient vasopressin, highlight its clinical significance.

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