Fistulas

Fistulas are abnormal connections between two epithelial surfaces, often occurring between organs or vessels, such as between the intestine and skin or the bladder and vagina. Their clinical significance lies in the potential for infection, fluid loss, and impaired function of affected organs, complicating patient management. A common example is an enteric fistula, which can arise post-surgery or due to inflammatory bowel disease, leading to significant morbidity.