Autoimmune thyroid disease encompasses a group of disorders where the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue, leading to dysfunction, commonly manifesting as hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) or hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease). It is clinically significant due to its prevalence and potential to cause metabolic disturbances, cardiovascular issues, and impacts on mental health. A key association is the increased risk of other autoimmune conditions, such as type 1 diabetes.
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