Colorectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of the colon or rectum, often developing from precancerous polyps. It is clinically significant due to its high incidence and mortality rates, making early detection through screening vital for improving outcomes. A key association is the link between colorectal cancer and hereditary syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome, which increases the risk of developing this cancer and necessitates genetic counselling and surveillance.