GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications that mimic the action of glucagon-like peptide-1, a hormone that enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon release, and slows gastric emptying, thereby aiding in blood glucose control. They are significant in managing type 2 diabetes and obesity, as they promote weight loss and improve glycaemic control. An example is liraglutide, which can also lead to gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea.