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Gloassary term:

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is sudden, severe shortness of breath awakening a patient from sleep, caused by pulmonary congestion due to left ventricular failure. It signals worsening heart function and fluid overload, requiring urgent assessment. Commonly associated with congestive heart failure, it indicates elevated left atrial pressure and impaired cardiac output.

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