Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease or medical condition, focusing on the mechanisms underlying these alterations. Understanding pathophysiology is crucial for diagnosing diseases, guiding treatment decisions, and predicting patient outcomes. For example, in diabetes mellitus, the pathophysiological disruption of insulin secretion and action leads to hyperglycaemia and associated complications like neuropathy.

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease or pathological condition. Understanding these changes is crucial in clinical practice, as it informs diagnosis, treatment strategies, and management of diseases. For example, in diabetes mellitus, the pathophysiological mechanisms of insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism lead to complications such as neuropathy and cardiovascular disease.