Diphtheria is an acute bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, characterised by a pseudomembrane in the throat and systemic toxin effects. It is clinically significant due to its potential to cause airway obstruction and myocarditis, requiring prompt antitoxin and antibiotic treatment. A key complication is severe cardiac arrhythmia from toxin-mediated myocardial damage.
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