Gas exchange is the physiological process by which oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is expelled from it, primarily occurring in the alveoli of the lungs. This process is crucial for maintaining adequate oxygenation of tissues and removing metabolic waste, impacting overall respiratory function and systemic health. Conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can severely impair gas exchange, leading to hypoxia and respiratory failure.
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