Overview The muscle groups of the human limbs are divided into section or compartments. Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs when increased pressure within a compartment compromises circulation and function…

Overview The prevalence of AAA sharply increases with age. Rupture is associated with a high mortality. Screening men over the age of 65 years reduces aneurysm related mortality. Patients diagnosed with small…

Authors Overview Liver cysts are fluid filled cavities in the liver that are asymptomatic and usually found incidentally on abdominal imaging. Larger cysts are more commonly associated with symptoms…

Overview Higher incidence among men 40 to 59 years of age. Although there are many different types of hernias, they are usually related to the abdomen, with approximately 75% of all hernias occurring in…

Overview Marfan’s Syndrome is one of the most common inherited disorders of connective tissue. Marfan syndrome is a hereditary disease affecting connective tissues in the body, resulting in symptoms such as…

Overview Haemorrhoid Plexi are normal anatomical structures. However if they enlarge they can cause discomfort and pain. There are internal and external haemorrhoids. Internal are usually asymptomatic…

Overview Anal fissure is one of the most common lesions to consider in differential diagnosis of anal pain. Think about them as vertical ulcers usually occurring in the posterior midline of the skin just…

Overview Acute appendicitis is an acute inflammation of the vermiform (worm-like) appendix. It is mainly caused by obstruction of the lumen of the appendix by stool, infective agents or lymphoid hyperplasia.…

Overview Diverticula of the colon consist of outpouchings of mucous membrane through the muscle wall of the bowel. In the colon, diverticula are found most commonly in the sigmoid and descending colon, and…

Overview Coeliac disease is a systemic autoimmune disease triggered (T-lymphocytes) by dietary gluten peptides found in wheat, rye, barley, and related grains. Immune activation in the small intestine leads…