There are medications available to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Medications to prevent osteoporosis are only for those at high risk of osteoporosis, this includes those taking high dose of steroids for a…

Learn about heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a condition where the heart maintains normal pumping ability but struggles to fill properly. This video explains the pathophysiology,…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy also known as stress cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome is a heart condition often preceded by a stressful event such as a death of someone or a recent traumatic event. The…

Explore the key features of medulla oblongata syndromes, including medial and lateral medullary syndromes, and how specific lesions affect neurological function. This video explains the clinical signs,…

Learn how influenza spreads, mutates, and — most importantly — how vaccination and early treatment protect you from severe disease. This video explains influenza types (A, B, C, D), antigenic drift vs.…

Learn about cyclophosphamide, a powerful alkylating agent used in cancer treatment and autoimmune diseases. This video explains its pharmacology, DNA-crosslinking mechanism of action, and potential adverse…

Polyneuropathy is a disorder that involves damage to multiple peripheral nerve fibers, with the distal nerves usually affected most prominently. And so the classic presentation is a symmetric distal burning…

Explore the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis, detailing the roles of clotting factors and the step-by-step process of blood clot formation. This video also explains how these pathways are regulated…

Explore the concept of homeostasis and how the body maintains internal balance through negative and positive feedback mechanisms. This video illustrates key examples like thermoregulation and lactation to…

There are two main types of transplant rejection; T cell mediated and antibody mediated and antibody mediated transplant rejection. These rejections are divided into hyperacute, acute and chronic rejection.…