Understand the clinical approach to shock by exploring its major types—hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and anaphylactic. This video explains the underlying pathophysiology, key clinical features, and treatment strategies tailored to each…

Tricuspid regurgitation causes blood to leak back into the right atrium during systole — learn causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. This clear, concise video explains primary vs. secondary tricuspid regurgitation,…

Learn about the anatomy of the carotid artery and its clinical relevance in conditions such as carotid artery disease, aneurysm, and dissection. This video also explains symptoms like amaurosis fugax,…

The aorta is the largest artery in the human body and arguably one of the most important. It receives oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart and supplies…

Cardiac tamponade is a life threatening condition characterized by the accumulation of pericardial fluid in the pericardial space. The pericardium is membraenous layer which envelopes the heart. The fluid in…

Achalasia is a rare disorder that results from progressive destruction of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus of the oesophageal wall. The destruction of these cells leads to the inability…

Discover arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), a genetic heart condition marked by fibrofatty replacement of right ventricular muscle leading to arrhythmias. This video explains the pathophysiology, diagnostic investigations, and treatment…

Explore hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a genetic heart disorder marked by abnormal thickening of the myocardium that can impair cardiac function. This video explains its causes, symptoms like chest pain and syncope,…

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy also known as stress cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome is a heart condition often preceded by a stressful event such as a death of someone or a recent…

Explore the different types of cardiomyopathy—dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive—and how they affect heart structure and function. This video explains their pathophysiology, key clinical features, and treatment strategies to manage symptoms…