Insulin deficiency

Insulin deficiency refers to a state where the pancreas produces insufficient insulin, a hormone crucial for glucose metabolism. This condition is clinically significant as it leads to hyperglycaemia, which can result in diabetes mellitus and its associated complications, such as cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. A key example of insulin deficiency is seen in type 1 diabetes, where autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells results in little to no insulin production.