Medical science, drawn into focus.

Chronic Upper Limb Ischaemia 

Overview Chronic upper limb ischaemia is a form of peripheral arterial disease that results in a symptomatic reduced blood supply to the upper limb. The common symptoms are weakness, cramps, pain, and digital ischaemia/gangrene. Upper limb ischaemia occurs less frequently than lower limb ischaemia.  Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a chronic obstruction of arteries supplying…

Complement Deficiencies

Overview Complement deficiencies are rare primary immunodeficiencies resulting from inherited absence or dysfunction of complement proteins, regulators, or receptors. They predispose to recurrent bacterial infections, autoimmune disease (particularly systemic lupus erythematosus–like syndromes), and in some cases angioedema. Complement proteins play a central role in innate immunity by opsonisation, chemotaxis, and direct lysis of pathogens via…

Congenital Heart Defect

Overview Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital disorder in newborns. Classification Acyanotic and Cyanotic Pulmonary blood flow Increased Decreased Normal Cyanotic (T's) Acynotic (D's) T etralogy of Fallot AS D T ransposition of the great vessles VS D T ricuspid atresia AVS D T runcus arteriosus Patent D uctus Arteriosus   Other:…

Alzheimer's Disease

Overview Alzheimer disease is characterised by an insidious onset of symptoms with initial forgetfulness progressing over time to profound memory impairment with accompanying dysphasia, dyspraxia and personality change. Dementia: Clinical syndrome that is characterised by a progressive deterioration in cognition with resulting decline in function. Alzheimer disease:  Characterised by an insidious onset of symptoms with initial…

Resuscitation of Newborn

Overview The successful transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is dependent upon significant physiologic changes that occur at birth. Successful transition – 90% Need some intervention – 10% Require extensive resuscitative measures -  1% High-risk delivery Infants who are more likely to require resuscitation can be identified by the presence of one or more of…

Brain Tumour

Overview Brain tumours: refers to a mixed group of neoplasms originating from intracranial tissues and the meninges with degrees of malignancy ranging from benign to aggressive. Classification WHO Classification of Primary Brain Tumors Neuroepithelial tumors Astrocytic tumors Oligodendroglial tumors Oligoastrocytic tumors Ependymal tumors Choroid plexus tumors Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors Pineal tumors Embryonal tumors…

Maternal infections

Overviews Maternal infections is a broad term for any infection that is acquired by a pregnant woman antepartum, intrapartum or postpartum. These infections may have detrimental impacts on the mother and the foetus/newborn. 1 Maternal infections covered in this page include TORCH infections as well as Group B Streptococcal infection and chorioamnionitis.  TORCH infections are…

Full resource library