Medical science, drawn into focus.

Genital Prolapse

Overview Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition in which pelvic organs abnormally descend or herniate from their normal attachment sites or their normal position in the pelvis to or beyond the vaginal walls. There are varying degrees of prolapse. In the most severe cases, the pelvic organ can prolapse through the genital hiatus. It can be asymptomatic…

Tonsilitis

Overview Tonsillitis is inflammation or infection of the tonsils. Tonsils are lymphoid tissues that are situated on both side of the throat. Generally, the palatine tonsil are referred to as "the tonsils". Tonsils: Collections of lymphoid tissue at the entrance to the pharynx, on either side of the uvula (the palatine tonsils). There are also…

Paediatric Bacterial Cutaneous Infection

Overview Meningitis 5 year old presents with non-blanching rash, fever, headache, photophobia and neck stiffness. Aetiology Up to three months of age Group B streptococcus E-coli Listeria Three to 12 years of age Streptococcus pneumonia N. meningitidis Clinical presentation Fever Lethargy Irritability Anorexia Nausea/vomiting Photophobia Neck and back pain/rigidity Kernig sign Brudzinski sign Investigations FBC…

Generalised Anxiety Disorder

DSM V categorise these as seperate disorders Depressive disorders Bipolar disorders Anxiety disorders Anxiety Disorders Generalised Anxiety Disorder Specific Phobia Agoraphobia Social Anxiety Disorder Panic Disorder This will mainly focus on Generalised Anxiety Disorder and touches on Panic Disorder . Overview Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can be defined as anxiety and worry about several events…

Personality Disorders

Quotes “I'm so good at beginnings, but in the end I always seem to destroy everything, including myself.” ―  Kiera Van Gelder “I need them to be aware and present with me in the midst of the storm, not just tell me what to do.” ―  Kiera Van Gelder Overview The term ‘personality disorder’ is frequently…

Coeliac Disease

Overview Coeliac disease is a systemic autoimmune disease triggered (T-lymphocytes) by dietary gluten peptides found in wheat, rye, barley, and related grains. Immune activation in the small intestine leads to villous atrophy, hypertrophy of the intestinal crypts, and increased numbers of lymphocytes in the epithelium and lamina propria. Locally these changes lead to gastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorption.…

Stroke (Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic)

Overview Third most common cause of death worldwide and most common cause of neurological disability. It is subdivided into ischaemic stroke (caused by vascular occlusion or stenosis) and haemorrhagic stroke (caused by vascular rupture, resulting in intra-parenchymal and/or subarachnoid haemorrhage). Stroke: Acute onset of a focal neurologic deficit due to a cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. Transient Ischaemic…

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