Diseases Archive Armando Hasudungan

Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (Subacromial Pain Syndrome)

Rovelyn R November 4, 2025 No Comments

Overview Shoulder impingement syndrome, now more commonly referred to as subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS), is one of the most frequent causes of shoulder pain. It accounts for ~40–65% of shoulder…

Scaphoid Fracture

Rovelyn R November 4, 2025 No Comments

Overview Scaphoid fracture is the most common carpal bone fracture, accounting for ~60–70% of all carpal fractures. It occurs most frequently in young adults (15–40 years) following a fall on…

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (Exercise-induced Compartment Syndrome)

Rovelyn R November 4, 2025 No Comments

Overview Chronic compartment syndrome (also known as chronic exertional compartment syndrome or exercise induced compartment syndrome) is an exertional condition in which repetitive activity causes transiently elevated pressure within a…

ACL Tear

Rovelyn R November 3, 2025 No Comments

Overview Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most common knee injuries, particularly in young athletes involved in pivoting sports (soccer, basketball, skiing). ACL injuries account for ~50%…

Achilles Tendinopathy & Rupture

Rovelyn R November 3, 2025 No Comments

Overview Achilles tendinopathy & rupture are common causes of posterior ankle pain and disability, particularly in active adults. Tendinopathy presents with chronic pain, stiffness, and impaired function, while rupture is…

Toxic Multinodular Goitre

Rovelyn R October 18, 2025 No Comments

Overview Toxic Multinodular Goitre (TMNG) is the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism caused by a long-standing goitre and/or iodine deficiency which results in an increased risk of mutation and…

Cryoglobulinaemic Vasculitis

Rovelyn R September 29, 2025 1 Comment

Overview Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis is an immune complex–mediated small to medium vessel vasculitis caused by circulating cryoglobulins—immunoglobulins that precipitate below 37 °C and redissolve on warming. These immune complexes deposit in…

Post‑splenectomy Immunodeficiency

Rovelyn R September 28, 2025 No Comments

Overview Post‑splenectomy immunodeficiency refers to the increased susceptibility to infection following removal (or functional loss) of the spleen. The spleen plays a critical role in filtering bloodborne pathogens, especially encapsulated…

Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

Rovelyn R September 28, 2025 No Comments

Overview Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause, characterised by the formation of non‑caseating granulomas in affected organs. Pulmonary involvement occurs in ~90% of patients, making it the…

Chronic Lower Limb Ischaemia: Intermittent Claudication

Rovelyn R September 24, 2025 No Comments

Overview Chronic lower limb ischemia can be classified using the Fontaine classification: Grades III and IV are classified as Critical Limb Ischemia. Intermittent claudication is a type of chronic lower…

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