Learn about dilated cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart’s chambers enlarge and weaken, leading to reduced pumping efficiency. This video covers its causes, clinical symptoms, underlying pathophysiology, and current treatment…

Acute kidney injury is characterized by abrupt deterioration in kidney function, manifested by an increase in serum creatinine level with or without reduced urine output. Creatinine comes the metabolism of…

Learn about hepatorenal syndrome, a serious complication of advanced liver disease that leads to progressive kidney dysfunction. This video explains the underlying causes, pathophysiology, and mechanisms involving renal vasoconstriction and…

Explore cardiorenal syndrome, a complex disorder where heart and kidney dysfunctions negatively affect each other. This video outlines its classification, underlying mechanisms, pathophysiology, and current treatment strategies for managing both…

Explore the role of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in immune responses, including its effects on inflammation, fever, and cytokine signaling. This video also covers the pharmacology of IL-1 antagonists, detailing their mechanisms…

Learn about Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key cytokine involved in inflammation, immune regulation, and acute phase responses. This video also explains the pharmacology of IL-6 antagonists like tocilizumab, including their mechanism…

Myocarditis is inflammation of the cardiac muscle usually following an infection, trauma or ischaemic event to the heart. It is also associated with rheumatological diseases such as SLE. Myocarditis can…

Explore COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, including its timeline of infection, viral life cycle, and mechanisms leading to complications like ARDS. This video also covers the pathophysiology of severe disease and…

Febrile neutropenia is a potentially life-threatening oncologic emergency—learn its causes, diagnosis, and immediate management to protect chemotherapy patients. In this concise, clinically focused video you’ll understand what febrile neutropenia is,…

Hypercalcemia in malignancy: understand causes, symptoms, and effective treatments for cancer-related high calcium levels. This video explains hypercalcemia in malignancy, why cancers cause elevated serum calcium, and how clinicians diagnose…