Aortic dissection is a serious condition in which a tear in the inner layer of the aorta allows blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, creating a false lumen and separating the layers. This can rapidly compromise blood flow to vital organs and lead to life-threatening complications such as rupture or organ ischaemia. It is commonly associated with hypertension and connective tissue disorders, making prompt diagnosis and management critical to prevent mortality.