Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterised by symmetrical inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to pain, swelling, and eventual joint destruction. Its clinical significance lies in the potential for systemic involvement, including extra-articular manifestations like rheumatoid nodules and increased cardiovascular risk. A key complication is the development of joint deformities, which can severely impact a patient's quality of life and functional ability.
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