Phenytoin

Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication primarily used to control seizures, particularly in conditions like epilepsy and status epilepticus. It works by stabilising neuronal membranes and reducing excitability through sodium channel modulation. Clinically, it is crucial for preventing seizure recurrence, but it can cause complications such as gingival hyperplasia and requires careful monitoring of serum levels due to its nonlinear pharmacokinetics and potential for drug interactions.