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Visual medical education by Armando Hasudungan
Medical science, drawn into focus.
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Clear visual explanations used by medical and allied-health learners around the world.
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Bronchiolitis
Overview Bronchiolitis is often a viral cause mainly Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Bronchiolitis is the most common respiratory tract infection of neonates and is usually self-limiting. A major source of confusion of treatment is differentiating a viral bronchiolitis to asthma. In summary bronchiolitis is usually seen in infants <2yo. Asthma is seen in older children. Bronchiolitis…
View topic ↗Mitral Stenosis
Overview Mitral stenosis causes an obstruction to blood flow from the left atrium to left ventricle usually as a result of rheumatic heart disease. The stenosis results in increased pressure in the left atrium, pulmonary vasculature and right side of heart. Mitral valve disease is a frequent cause of heart failure and death. Mitral valve area:…
View topic ↗Glomerulonephritis
Overview Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomerulus. Glomerulonephritis is classified by clinical syndrome/presentation (e.g. nephritic or nephrotic syndrome), histological appearance , or by aetiology. We will divide glomerulonephritis broadly into two broad types: Nephritic glomerulonephritis and nephrotic glormerulonephritis. Classification Two Types of Glomerular disease: Nephrotic Syndrome Nephritic Syndrome DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEPHROTIC AND NEPHRITIS SYNDROME …
View topic ↗X-linked Agammaglobulinaemia (XLA / Bruton’s Disease)
Overview X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene , leading to failure of B-cell maturation. It results in profound hypogammaglobulinaemia and susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections, particularly with encapsulated organisms. It usually presents after 6 months of age (once maternal IgG wanes). Prevalence is…
View topic ↗Urinary Incontinence
Overview Urinary incontinence is an important condition because it causes significant distress. Approximately 15% of the general female adult population have a significant problem with urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence: Defined as the condition in which there is invontary loss of urine, which can be objectively demonstrated and which is a social or hygienic problem. Stress…
View topic ↗Diabetes Mellitus type I
Overview Type 1 diabetes is B-cell destruction leading to absolute insulin deficiency. It accounts for 5-10% of all diabetes. Type I diabetes is divided into two types: Immune mediated and idiopathic. The traditional paradigm is of childhood onset with acute symptoms of DKA. Diabetes: A group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood…
View topic ↗Cervical Cancer
Overview Cervical cancer is an HPV-related malignancy of the uterine cervical mucosa. Most cervical tumours contain HPV DNA (99.7%) . There are many variants of HPV, HPV-16 and 18 are the 2 most common high-risk types. Cervical cancer is proceeded by an idenifiable precursor lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1)) that may progress to invasive cancer. CIN can…
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Autoimmune Hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis as the name suggests is when the bodies own immune cells attack the liver cells resulting in inflammation. The disease may be asymptomatic (meaning no symptoms) or start as acute hepatitis and progress to chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Autoimmune hepatitis is four times more common in women than in men.
Human Metabolism Map VIII – Ketone Body Production
Explore Ketone Body Production in this video from the Human Metabolism Map series, focusing on how the liver generates ketones during fasting, starvation, and diabetes. Understand the roles of HMG-CoA synthase and lyase, the types of ketone bodies, and their clinical significance—essential for biochemistry and metabolic pathway review.
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: Thumb Wrist Pain (Finkelstein Test, Causes, Treatment)
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is a painful condition affecting the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist, particularly the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis, as they pass through the first dorsal compartment. It commonly develops from repetitive thumb and wrist movements and is often seen in caregivers and new parents due to frequent…
Our mission
Medical science is complex. Understanding it should feel possible.
Armando Hasudungan turns difficult medical science into clear visual explanations and connected learning experiences—so learners can see the whole picture, remember what matters and find a clearer way forward.
See it clearly
Turn abstract processes and invisible relationships into something the learner can picture.
Connect the pieces
Build understanding around how concepts fit together—not a pile of isolated facts.
Make it useful
Help learners move from explanation to recall, revision and the next logical step.
What clarity feels like
When the topic stops being a blur.
Learners do not come back because the subject became easy. They come back because the explanation gave them a picture they could work with.
“Armando's teaching style gives me the foundational knowledge.
Jessica Payne-Burnett
Medical Student, Charles Sturt University
“The notes I make during his videos help me retain everything better.
Ayesha RaiStudent, Islamabad Medical and Dental College
“The drawings are amazing and super easy to remember.
Reem Mohamed Khair Abdalrazig
Student, Neelain University
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Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Overview Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the presynaptic neuromuscular junction. It causes impaired acetylcholine release, producing the characteristic triad of proximal muscle weakness, reduced reflexes and autonomic dysfunction. LEMS may occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome—most commonly associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)—or as a non-tumour-associated autoimmune disorder. Neuromuscular junction: connection…
View this topic ↗About Visualising Medicine
Good education does not remove complexity. It makes complexity feel simple.
Visualising Medicine is the team behind Armando Hasudungan. We bring together medicine, illustration, writing and technology to make difficult ideas clearer—and build better ways for learners to use them.