Overview Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomerulus. Glomerulonephritis is classified by clinical syndrome/presentation (e.g. nephritic or nephrotic syndrome), histological appearance , or by aetiology. We will divide glomerulonephritis broadly into two broad types: Nephritic glomerulonephritis and nephrotic glormerulonephritis
Two Types of Glomerular disease:
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEPHROTIC AND NEPHRITIS SYNDROME | ||
| Nephrotic Syndrome | Nephritic Syndrome | |
| Onset | Slow | Acute |
| Swelling | ++++ | ++ |
| Blood Pressure | Normal | Increased |
| Proteinuria | ++++ | ++ |
| Haematuria | +/- | +++ |
| Red cell casts | Not present | Present |
| GFR | Normal | Normal/low |
| Serum albumin | Low | Normal/low |
| Serum lipids | High | Normal |
| Most commonc cause | Diabetic Nephropathy | IgA nephropathy |
Approach
Renal biopsy looks at the histology of glomerular disease
