Overview Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis, commonly associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA (MPO-ANCA) positivity. It typically presents with glomerulonephritis and…

Overview Toxic Multinodular Goitre (TMNG) is the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism caused by a long-standing goitre and/or iodine deficiency which results in an increased risk of mutation and…

AuthorsMegan Miner Armando Faigl  Overview Chagas disease is caused by the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) and is potentially life-threatening. These parasites often live within triatomine bugs.…

Overview Acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation is a common shoulder injury, usually sustained from direct trauma such as a fall onto the tip of the shoulder. It involves varying degrees of injury to…

Overview Basic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) disease is a crystal-associated arthropathy characterized by deposition of BCP crystals in periarticular and intra-articular tissues. A severe clinical presentation of…

Overview Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune thrombophilia characterized by recurrent venous or arterial thromboses and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of persistent…