Visual explanationFree resource
Visual medical education by Armando Hasudungan
Medical science, drawn into focus.
Explore visual explanations that reveal how the facts, processes and clinical patterns fit together—then discover the coming AH study platform, built to guide what you study next and check what stuck.
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Clear visual explanations used by medical and allied-health learners around the world.
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Pernicious Anaemia
Overview Pernicious Anaemia is a condition where there is lack of intrisinc factor, a glycoprotein responsible for the absorption of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) is an essential vitamin responsible for many physiological process in our body. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia and maybe accompanied by neurological abnormalities. Aetiology Pernicious Anaemia is associated with…
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Osteomalacia / Rickets
Overview Osteomalacia (adults) and rickets (children) are disorders of impaired bone mineralisation leading to soft, poorly mineralised bone. It arises when there is insufficient calcium–phosphate supply to the mineralising matrix due to vitamin D deficiency, calcium deficiency, phosphate deficiency (often FGF23-mediated). Nutritional rickets still occurs worldwide, while hypophosphataemic forms (e.g., XLH, tumour-induced osteomalacia) are rarer…
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Allergic Rhinitis
Overview Allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin E-mediated inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa caused by exposure to an aeroallergen. It typically presents with sneezing, nasal itching, clear rhinorrhoea and nasal obstruction , often accompanied by allergic conjunctivitis. 1 Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disorder in Australia and New Zealand. In the 2022–2023 Australian…
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Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Overview Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause, characterised by the formation of non‑caseating granulomas in affected organs. Pulmonary involvement occurs in ~90% of patients, making it the most common manifestation. Global prevalence varies widely (e.g., 3.7/100,000 in Japan vs. 28.2/100,000 in Finland), with higher rates in Black Americans and Northern Europeans. Peak…
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Cervical Cancer
Overview Cervical cancer is an HPV-related malignancy of the uterine cervical mucosa. Most cervical tumours contain HPV DNA (99.7%) . There are many variants of HPV, HPV-16 and 18 are the 2 most common high-risk types. Cervical cancer is proceeded by an idenifiable precursor lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1)) that may progress to invasive cancer. CIN can…
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Acute Limb Ischaemia
Overview Acute limb ischaemia refers to any sudden decrease in limb perfusion that causes a potential threat to viability. It is associated with pain, motor and sensory loss, and cold sensation. It affects one in about 6000 of the population 1 and is more common in the lower limb, with less than 17% of cases…
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Osgood Schlatter
Overview In this common disorder of adolescence the tibial tubercle becomes painful and ‘swollen’. Although often called osteochondritis and apophysitis, it is nothing more than a traction injury of the apophysis into which part of the patellar tendon is attached. Osgood-Schaltter disease typically occurs during the early adolescent growth spurt between 10-15 years of age,…
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Good places to begin
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Subarachnoid Haemorrhage / pathophysiology, complications and management
A subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke that causes bleeding around the brain. Subarachnoid haemorrhage, the bleeding happens in a part of your head called the "subarachnoid space." Most spontaneous SAHs are caused by ruptured saccular aneurysms. Other causes of SAH include occult trauma, arteriovenous malformations/fistulae, vasculitides, intracranial arterial dissections, amyloid angiopathy, bleeding…
DRESS Syndrome (drug related eosinophilia) – causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment
Learn about DRESS Syndrome (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms), a severe drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction involving multiple organs. This video explains its causes, immune-mediated pathophysiology, hallmark clinical signs like rash and eosinophilia, and essential treatment strategies.
Nephritic Syndrome – classification, pathophysiology, treatment (RPGN, ANCA, Immune complex)
Explore nephritic syndrome, a kidney disorder characterized by hematuria, hypertension, and reduced kidney function. This video covers its classification—including RPGN, ANCA-associated, and immune complex types—along with the underlying pathophysiology and treatment approaches.
Our mission
Medical science is complex. Understanding it should feel possible.
Armando Hasudungan turns difficult medical science into clear visual explanations and connected learning experiences—so learners can see the whole picture, remember what matters and find a clearer way forward.
See it clearly
Turn abstract processes and invisible relationships into something the learner can picture.
Connect the pieces
Build understanding around how concepts fit together—not a pile of isolated facts.
Make it useful
Help learners move from explanation to recall, revision and the next logical step.
What clarity feels like
When the topic stops being a blur.
Learners do not come back because the subject became easy. They come back because the explanation gave them a picture they could work with.
“Armando's teaching style gives me the foundational knowledge.
Jessica Payne-Burnett
Medical Student, Charles Sturt University
“The notes I make during his videos help me retain everything better.
Ayesha RaiStudent, Islamabad Medical and Dental College
“The drawings are amazing and super easy to remember.
Reem Mohamed Khair Abdalrazig
Student, Neelain University
Coming soon: the AH study platform
The explanation is only the start.
The free library helps you find a clear explanation. The AH platform is being built to help you connect the resources, follow a clearer path and check what actually stuck.
- Watch in a focused, ad-free study environment.
- Move between connected videos, notes, diagrams and questions.
- Know what belongs next instead of rebuilding the study path yourself.
- Test your understanding while the topic is still fresh.
New and worth a look
Keep building the picture.
Aortic Aneurysm
Overview An aortic aneurysm is a pathological dilatation of the aorta caused by weakening of the arterial wall. It may involve the aortic root, ascending aorta, arch, descending thoracic aorta, thoracoabdominal aorta or abdominal aorta. Most aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally or through screening. Progressive enlargement increases the risk of rupture, dissection,…
View this topic ↗About Visualising Medicine
Good education does not remove complexity. It makes complexity feel simple.
Visualising Medicine is the team behind Armando Hasudungan. We bring together medicine, illustration, writing and technology to make difficult ideas clearer—and build better ways for learners to use them.