Vitals For more information: Parturition and Routine Care  NORMAL EXPECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL VALUES AT DIFFERENT AGES Age (years) Respiratory Rate Heart rate Systolic Blood Pressure  <1 30-40 110-160 70-90 1-2 25-35 100-150 80-95 2-5 25-30 95-140 80-100 5-12 20-25 80-120 90-110 >12 15-20 60-100 100-120 Oxygen…

This section will mainly focus on Paediatric Epilepsy (NOT FEBRILE SEIZURES) Overview Seizures are a common occurrence in children. 8% will have at least one seizure by 15 years of age. A seizure is the result…

Overview Asthma is a chronic airway inflammation disorder due to complex interactions between inflammatory cells, mediators and airway cells. In young children in whom lung function testing is not…

Overview Birthweight Complications of prematurity are the underlying reasons for the higher rate of infant mortality and morbidity in preterm infants compared with full-term infants. The risk of…

Overview Community acquired pneumonia occur in individuals who are not in hospital (or have been in hospital in the past 48 hours) and who are not significantly immunocompromised. The World Health…

Overview Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) also known as hyaline membrane disease is a pulmonary disease resulting from immature lung development and surfactant deficiency. Most frequently seen in…

Overview Hydrocephalus is excessive accumulation of CSF in the cerebral ventricles. In children, look for increasing head circumference, increased intracranial pressure, a bulging fontanelle, scalp…

Overview Anatomy and Physiology Aetiology and Risk Factors More than half of patients with ectopic pregnancy have no risk factors. Risk Factors High Previous ectopic Previous tubal surgery Tubal pathology In…

Overview Developmental Dyplasia of the hip (DDH) is previously known as congenital dislocation of the hip  (however name changed as some of the hip problems develop after birth). Spectrum of condition related…

This section will mainly focus on Primary Parathyroidism Overview Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is generalised disorder calcium, phosphate and bone metabolism due to increased secretion of parathyroid…