Overview Complex chronic syndrome characterised by recurrent abdominal pain and bowel dysfunction, in the absence of a structural abnormality. It is not associated with an increase in mortality, however, it is…

Overview Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by a disturbance in consciousness and cognition. It typically presents as an acute confusional state, with inattention as its core…

Overview Classification WHO Classification of Primary Brain Tumors Neuroepithelial tumors Astrocytic tumors Oligodendroglial tumors Oligoastrocytic tumors Ependymal tumors Choroid plexus tumors Neuronal and…

Overview Physiological Changes in Pregnancy Uterus, Vagina and Breast Physiology changes Uterus (Cervix + Isthmus + Body of uterus) Vagina Breast Endocrine Physiology changes Pituitary Gland  Thyroid hormones…

Overview Acute liver failure is a rare but life-threatening critical illness that occurs most often in patients who do not have preexisting liver disease. Acute liver failure is seen most commonly in…

Overview Gastroenteritis continues to cause significant morbidity in developed and developing countries. The most common cause are viral and bacterial including: Gastroenteritis is usually…

Overview Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of major congenital anomalies comprising anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele that result from very early disruption in the development of the brain…

“To lose confidence in one’s body is to lose confidence in oneself.”― Simone de Beauvoir “Every woman knows that, regardless of all her other achievements, she is a failure if she is not beautiful.”– Germaine…

Overview Doctors and patients often experience frustration and helplessness in consultations around medically unexplained symptoms. Up to 50 percent of primary care patients present with physical symptoms…

Overview  Leukemia is a common malignancy in children and adults that occurs when alterations in normal cell regulatory processes cause uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone…