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Archives: Diseases

Crystal Arthropathy

Overview Crystal arthropathies are a diverse group of disorders characterized by deposition of various minerals in joints and soft tissues leading to inflammation. Four main types of crystal arthropathies: Clinical…
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Interstitial Lung Disease

Overview Interstitial Lung Disease is also known as Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease (DPLD). A Heterogeneous collection of restrictive lung conditions (>100) that primarily (or at least initially) disrupt the pulmonary interstitium. Interstitial Lung…
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Angina Pectoris

Overview Angina Pectoris refers to the pain caused by myocardial ischaemia. Myocardial Ischaemia is usually caused by stenosis within the vessel decreasing blood flow to the muscle, but it can…
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Delirium

Overview Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by a disturbance in consciousness and cognition. It typically presents as an acute confusional state, with inattention as its core symptom. Unfortunately, the…
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Peptic Ulcer Disease

Overview Peptic ulcer refers to an ulcer in the lower oesophagus, stomach or duodenum. Incidence ↑ with age; both sexes are similarly affected. In the developed world, Helicobacter pylori incidence has been slowly…
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Overview Complex chronic syndrome characterised by recurrent abdominal pain and bowel dysfunction, in the absence of a structural abnormality. It is not associated with an increase in mortality, however, it is associated…
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Septic Arthritis

Overview Septic arthritis refers to infection in a joint; it is usually caused by bacteria but can be caused by fungi or mycobacteria. Septic arthritis due to bacterial infection is…
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Gout

Overview Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis that is increasing in prevalence. Gout (monosodium urate crystal deposition disease) is characterized biochemically by extracellular fluid urate saturation. Tends to occur earlier in…
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Meniscal Tear

Overview Medial and lateral knee joint menisci serve to transfer load and absorb shock, aid joint stability and provide lubrication. The meniscus is the most commonly injured structure in the…
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Endometrial Cancer

Overview Endometrial carcinoma is an epithelial malignancy of the uterine corpus mucosa, usually an adenocarcinoma. Endometrial carcinoma is the most common female genital tract malignancy. Postmenopausal bleeding always needs to be investigated…
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