Overview Pneumonia is infection in the lower respiratory tract and is characterised by fevers, purulent sputum, leucocytosis, low oxygen levels and new lung infiltrates (consolidation) on radiographic imaging.…

Clinical features of asthma such as dyspnoea, chest tightness and wheezing can mimic other respiratory conditions. It is important to take a careful history and examination and ideally demonstrate…

Overview Cerebral palsy is a non-Progressive neurological disorder. Usually with significant motor component. Clinical presentation overtime changes due to increased developmental challenges.Cerebral palsy (CP)…

Overview Higher levels of cholesterol associated with worse CV outcomes. Three main types that are measured: VLDL, LDL and HDL. High LDL is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular…

Vitals For more information: Parturition and Routine Care  NORMAL EXPECTED PHYSIOLOGICAL VALUES AT DIFFERENT AGES Age (years) Respiratory Rate Heart rate Systolic Blood Pressure  <1 30-40 110-160 70-90 1-2 25-35 100-150 80-95 2-5 25-30 95-140 80-100 5-12 20-25 80-120 90-110 >12 15-20 60-100 100-120 Oxygen…

Overview Most common complication of gallstones disease. Inflammation of the gallbladder wall associated with abdominal pain, RUQ tenderness, fever, and leukocytosis is the hallmark. Gallstone prevalence: 8%…

This section will mainly focus on Paediatric Epilepsy (NOT FEBRILE SEIZURES) Overview Seizures are a common occurrence in children. 8% will have at least one seizure by 15 years of age. A seizure is the result…

Overview Asthma is a chronic airway inflammation disorder due to complex interactions between inflammatory cells, mediators and airway cells. In young children in whom lung function testing is not…

Overview Birthweight Complications of prematurity are the underlying reasons for the higher rate of infant mortality and morbidity in preterm infants compared with full-term infants. The risk of…

Overview Community acquired pneumonia occur in individuals who are not in hospital (or have been in hospital in the past 48 hours) and who are not significantly immunocompromised. The World Health…