Archives: Clinical Presentations

Overview Differential diagnosis causing bradycardia Remember Life threatening causes of bradycardia include: hypotension, raised intracranial pressure and MI. History Examination Acute Management Pharmacology Atropine Investigations

Overview  Abdominal trauma can result in injuries that are intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal Abdominal trauma is divided into blunt and penetrating mechanisms. Blunt abdominal trauma involves a crushing force that causes…

Overview  Thoracic trauma causes injuries to the chest wall, lungs, great vessels, and heart. It is clinically divided into blunt and penetrating injuries. PAMD Preparation Assessment – Primary Survey –…

Overview  Devastatingly disabling injury. Can be missed as ambulant patients may have an  unstable vertebral injury. Up to 10% of unconscious patients have a significant vertebral injury. Most common cause of spinal injuries include MVA, Falls and pedestrian on roads. Ask yourself: Neurogenic Shock Triad Hypotension, bradycardia, peripheral dilation. Autonomic Dysreflexia PAMD…

Overview PAMD Preparation  Assessment – Primary Survey – ABCDE Remember If the patient is able to communicate verbally, the airway is usually patent. Side note Ventilation may be reduced for…

Overview Potassium (K+) is an important ion in the body. K+ is found mainly intracellularly (inside the cells) whereas sodium (Na+) is found extracellularly (outside the cells). Therefore: As the…

Overview  Jaundice or icterus is the yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclerae from increased levels of bilirubin, a bile pigment derived chiefly from the breakdown of hemoglobin. Mechanism of…

Anaemia (DRAFT)

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Overview  At least 90% of children with fever and petechiae will NOT have meningococcal disease. However, recognition and early treatment of the child with meningococcal disease is paramount. All children with…